什麼是肯雅塔

Kenyatta, Jomo

肯亞獨立後的首任總理（1963～1964）和總統（1964～1978）。基庫尤人後裔，1920年離開東非高地到奈洛比謀得公職，併成爲政治活躍分子。他反對組成一個肯亞、烏干達和坦幹伊克的英國殖民地聯盟。1945年曾參與組織第六屆泛非大會，當時參與的領袖人物還有杜博斯、恩克魯瑪（參閱Pan-African movement）。1953年因指揮「茅茅運動」而被判刑七年。1962年他參加了促使肯亞獨立的立憲談判。成爲肯亞領袖後，他領導了一個強有力的中央政府，拒絕了財產國有化的主張，使肯亞成爲非洲國家中最穩定的也是經濟最有活力的國家之一。批評者則抱怨他操控了肯亞非洲民族聯盟（KANU）和創造了一個掌控政治、經濟的集團。他的繼承者莫伊（Daniel arap Moi）繼續奉行他的大部分政策。

1894年～1978年

Kenyatta, Jomo

First prime minister (1963-64) and then president (1964-78) of independent Kenya. Of Kikuyu descent, Kenyatta left the eastern African highlands to become a civil servant and political activist in Nairobi c. 1920. He opposed a union of the British colonial territories of Kenya, Uganda, and Tanganyika. In 1945 he helped organize the sixth Pan-African Congress, attended by such figures as W. E. B. Du Bois and Kwame Nkrumah (see Pan-African movement). In 1953 he was sentenced to a seven-year prison term for directing the Mau Mau rebellion, though he denied the charges. In 1962 he negotiated the constitutional terms leading to Kenya's independence. As its leader he headed a strong central government, rejected calls to nationalize property, and made Kenya one of the most stable and economically dynamic African states. Critics complained of the dominance of his Kenya African National Union (KANU) party and the creation of a political and economic elite. Many of his policies were continued under his successor, Daniel arap Moi.