什麼是法蘭德斯藝術

指法蘭德斯15、16世紀和17世紀初期的藝術，以生氣蓬勃的寫實主義和高超的技術造詣而着稱。法蘭德斯畫派的先驅者一般都住在勃艮地大公國的第一個首都第戎。這些大公在1363～1482年間建立了強大的法蘭德斯和勃艮地聯盟。腓力三世（1419～1467年在位）遷都於布魯日，1425年正式任命艾克（1390～1441）爲宮廷畫師兼侍從。他的畫作代表着早期法蘭德斯繪畫的開端，又象徵着它的全盛時期。15世紀末，艾克後一代的畫家並未一味仿效他，而是面向義大利以求得畫面形象結構的發展。魏登、赫里斯特斯、包茨、胡斯、梅姆靈和戴維等人的畫作雖着重創新，但其視覺藝術效果卻與艾克相去甚遠。16世紀，在博斯的影響下，老勃魯蓋爾將當時的殘酷性反映在他的那些生動地描繪了農民生活的作品裏。17世紀偉大的大師魯本斯精通油畫藝術，他的成熟的寓言風格與巴洛克時期的奢華趣味完全吻合。亦請參閱early Netherlandish art。

Flemish art

Art of the 15th to early 17th century in Flanders. The precursors of the Flemish school were located in Dijon, the first capital of the dukes of Burgundy, who established a powerful Flemish-Burgundian political alliance that lasted from 1363 to 1482. Philip III the Good moved the Burgundian capital to Bruges and in 1425 hired Jan van Eyck as his painter. The next generation of artists built on van Eyck's heritage and, toward the end of the 15th century, began looking to Italy for pictorial inspiration. Rogier van der Weyden, Petrus Christus, Dirck Bouts, Hugo van der Goes, Hans Memling, and Gerard David brought innovation, but little of their work compared with van Eyck's artistic vision. In the 16th century, Pieter, the Elder Bruegel, under the influence of Hieronymus Bosch, depicted peasant life with an eye for the grotesque. The great master of the 17th century, Peter Paul Rubens, demonstrated unrivaled skill in oil painting; his style epitomized the Flemish baroque period. See also Early Netherlandish art.