什麼是密西根

美國中北部一州。幾爲五大湖所環抱。分爲上、下半島兩個陸塊，上半島的西部是起伏不平的高地，富藏礦物，境內其他地區則爲低地和起伏的山丘。操阿爾岡昆語的印第安人原本定居於此，17世紀法國人抵此，1668年建立蘇聖瑪麗，1710年建立底特律，皮毛買賣是他們主要從事的活動。英國人在法國印第安人戰爭後，控制了密西根（1763），1783年歸屬美國。1787年包括在西北地區內，1800年屬印第安納準州。1805年在下半島成立密西根準州。雖然在1812年戰爭初期投降於英國人，但在1813年伯理在伊利湖戰役中獲勝，恢復了美國對該市的管轄權。後來與俄亥俄州有邊界糾紛而引起托萊多戰爭，最後由國會裁決，密西根獲得上半島並取得州的地位以作爲補償，1837年成爲第26個加入美國聯邦的州。美國南北戰爭期間，對聯邦事業貢獻很大。20世紀時經濟以汽車工業爲主。面積151,585平方公里。首府蘭辛。人口約9,938,444（2000）。

Michigan

State (pop., 1997 est.: 9,774,000), midwestern U.S. Surrounded almost entirely by the great Lakes, it covers 58,527 sq mi (151,585 sq km); its capital is Lansing. Michigan is divided into two large land segments: the Upper and Lower peninsulas. The western region of the Upper Peninsula is a rugged upland rich in minerals, and the remainder of the state consists of lowlands and rolling hills. The area was originally inhabited by Algonquian-speaking Indians. The French arrived in the 17th century, founding sault Ste. Marie in 1668 and Detroit in 1701; fur trading was their primary activity. The English gained control of Michigan in 1763 following the French and Indian War, and it passed to the U.S. in 1783. It was included in the Northwest Territories in 1787 and in Indiana Territory in 1800. Michigan Territory was organized on the Lower Peninsula in 1805. Though surrendered to the British in the War of 1812, U.S. rule was restored in 1813 by the victory of Oliver Perry at the Battle of Lake Erie. A boundary dispute with Ohio, known as the Toledo War, was settled by Congress, with Michigan receiving the Upper Peninsula and statehood as compensation. In 1837 it became the 26th U.S. state. Throughout the American Civil War, it made major contributions to the Union cause. In the 20th century its economy has been dominated by the automotive industry.