什麼是泰勒

Taylor, Zachary

美國第十二任總統。在肯塔基邊疆長大，參加過1812年戰爭，黑鷹戰爭和佛羅里達的米諾爾戰爭，並且由於他不怕困難被稱爲「老馬虎」。後來前往的德克薩斯參加與墨西哥的戰爭，在帕洛阿爾託戰役和雷斯卡德拉帕爾瑪戰役中打敗墨西哥侵略者。墨西哥戰爭正式開始後，他收復了蒙特雷，批准了墨西哥軍隊八週的休戰。波克總統因此而發怒，並將泰勒最好的部隊調往司各脫指揮的入侵韋拉克魯斯。泰勒無視停留在蒙特雷的命令，向南進軍，在布埃納維斯塔戰役中擊敗強大的墨西哥軍隊。泰勒也成爲民族英雄，並且提名爲輝格黨總統候選人（1848）。後來擊敗卡斯贏得選舉。他的短暫的任期中出現了對新領土的爭議，產生了1850年妥協案。他任職期間也爆出了其內閣成員的醜聞。泰勒任職十六個月後死於霍亂，由費爾摩爾繼任。

1784～1850年

Taylor, Zachary

12th president of the U.S. (1849-50). Born in Montebello, Va., he grew up on the Kentucky frontier. He fought in the War of 1812, the Black Hawk War (1832), and the Seminole War in Florida (1835-42), earning the nickname “Old Rough-and-Ready” for his indifference to hardship. Sent to Texas in anticipation of war with Mexico, he defeated the Mexican invaders at the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma (1846). After the Mexican War formally began, he captured Monterrey and granted the Mexican army an eight-week armistice. Displeased, Pres. James Polk moved Taylor's best troops to serve under Winfield Scott in the invasion of Veracruz. Taylor ignored orders to remain in Monterrey and marched south to defeat a large Mexican force at the Battle of Buena Vista (1847). He became a national hero and was nominated as the Whig candidate for president (1848). He defeated Lewis Cass to win the election. His brief term was marked by a controversy over the new territories that produced the Compromise of 1850 and by a scandal involving members of his cabinet. He died, probably of cholera, after only 16 months in office and was succeeded by Millard Fillmore.