什麼是羅馬式藝術

約1075～1125年在西歐達到高潮的雕刻和繪畫藝術。融合了羅馬藝術、加洛林王朝藝術、奧托藝術、拜占庭藝術和當地的日耳曼藝術傳統。10～11世紀修道院的擴張，使得沈寂了六百多年紀念性雕刻藝術得以復甦。浮雕雕刻是將有關聖經的歷史和教會教義寫在柱頭或教堂的大門上。自然界物體被自由揮灑爲視覺形象，以抽象的線形設計和扭曲變形的表現，產生了渲染力。在手抄本裝飾畫裏的大寫字母和邊頁裝飾也可看出線形風格化設計。羅馬式藝術關注超自然的價值，同古典主義早期和後來的哥德式藝術的傳統的自然主義和人文主義形成強烈的對比。模仿雕刻的紀念性繪畫佔據了教堂的內牆。無論繪畫還是雕刻，題材範圍十分廣泛，還包括神學作品在內，反映出學術的復甦。亦請參閱Romanesque architecture。

Romanesque art

Sculpture and painting that reached its height in Western Europe c. 1075-1125, a fusion of Roman, Carolingian and Ottonian, and Byzantine art with local Germanic traditions. The expansion of monasticism in the 10th-11th century revived the art of monumental sculpture after almost 600 years of dormancy. Relief sculpture depicted biblical history and church doctrine on column capitals and around the massive doors of churches. Natural objects were freely transformed into visionary images that derive their power from abstract linear design and expressive distortion. Linear stylization is seen also in the capital letters and marginal decoration of illuminated manuscripts. Romanesque art was concerned with transcendental values, in sharp contrast to the naturalism and humanism of the earlier classical and later Gothic art traditions. Monumental painting that imitated the sculptural style covered the interior walls of churches. Both sculpture and painting incorporated a broad range of subject matter, including theological works, reflecting the revival of learning. See also Romanesque architecture.