什麼是龐德

Pound, Ezra (Loomis)

美國詩人和評論家。曾就讀於漢米敦大學和賓夕法尼亞大學，學習了多種語言。1908年坐船到歐洲，在那裏度過了大半生。他很快成爲了意象主義的領導人，對英美詩歌具有顯着的影響，並提攜了很多作家，包括葉慈、喬伊斯、海明威、佛洛斯特、勞倫斯和艾略特，爲艾略特編寫的《荒原》十分精緻。在第一次世界大戰後，他出版了最重要的兩首詩歌〈向塞克斯圖斯.普洛佩提烏斯致敬〉（1919）和《休.賽爾溫.毛伯利》（1920）。他還開始發表史詩式的長詩《詩章》，成爲了他一生中最主要的詩歌創作。在德國經濟蕭條時期到來時，他開始對歷史和經濟產生濃厚的興趣，並專注於提倡貨幣改革，表達了他對墨索里尼的崇拜。在第二次世界大戰期間，他發表了支持法西斯主義的廣播演說，1945年被指控叛國而被美軍逮捕，最初被監禁在比薩。着名的長詩《比薩詩章》（1948，獲博林根詩歌獎）就是在那裏寫成的。之後，他被關在美國的一家精神病院中，直到1958年返回義大利爲止。《詩章》（1970）中收集了他的117首完成的詩章。

1885～1972年

Pound, Ezra (Loomis)

U.S. poet and critic. Born in Hailey, Idaho, Pound attended Hamilton College and the University of Pennsylvania, where he studied various languages. In 1908 he sailed for Europe, where he would spend most of his life. He soon became a leader of Imagism and a dominant influence in Anglo-American verse, helping promote such writers as William Butler Yeats, James Joyce, Ernest Hemingway, Robert Frost, D. H. Lawrence, and T. S. Eliot, whose Waste Land he brilliantly edited. After World War I he published two of his most important poems, “Homage to Sextus Propertius” (1919) and Hugh Selwyn Mauberley (1920). He also began publishing The Cantos, an attempt at an epic sequence of poems, which would remain his major poetic occupation throughout his life. With the onset of the Great Depression, he increasingly pursued his interest in history and economics, became obsessed with monetary reform, and declared his admiration for Benito Mussolini. In World War II he made pro-Fascist radio broadcasts; detained by U.S. forces for treason in 1945, he was initially held at Pisa; The Pisan Cantos (1948, Bollingen Prize), written there, are notably moving. He was subsequently held in an American mental hospital until 1958, when he returned to Italy. The Cantos (1970) collects his 117 completed cantos.