什麼是甘貝爾家族

蘇格蘭貴族家庭，在中世紀晚期取得顯着地位的洛考的甘貝爾家族。1457年科林.甘貝爾男爵（卒於1493年）被封爲第一代阿蓋爾伯爵。第四代伯爵阿奇伯德（卒於1558年）是一名新教領袖。第五代伯爵阿奇伯德（1532年～1573）也是名新教徒，但他支持信奉天主教的蘇格蘭瑪麗女王。第八代伯爵阿奇伯德（1607～1661）是英國內戰時期，蘇格蘭的反保王派領袖。他的兒子第九代伯爵阿奇伯德（1629～1685）也是蘇格蘭新教領袖，因反對信奉天主教的詹姆斯二世國王而被斬首。第十代伯爵阿奇伯德（1651年～1703）恢復了家族的稱號和財產。並被封爲阿蓋爾公爵﹔他發動對格倫科的麥克唐納家族進行大屠殺。第二代公爵約翰.甘貝爾（1678～1743）支持英格蘭和蘇格蘭的聯合，也是平定詹姆斯黨叛亂（1715）的不列顛軍隊司令。第三代公爵阿奇伯德（1682～1761）是漢諾威時代的政客。他死後因無合法的子嗣，其頭銜轉由馬莫雷的甘貝爾家族繼承。

Campbell family

Scottish noble family. The Campbells of Lochow gained prominence in the later Middle Ages. In 1457 Colin Campbell, Baron Campbell (died 1493), was created 1st earl of Argyll. Archibald (died 1558), 4th earl, was a leading Protestant. Archibald (1532?-1573), 5th earl, was also a Protestant but supported the Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots. Archibald (1607?-1661), 8th earl, was the leader of Scotland's anti-Royalist party in the English Civil Wars. His son Archibald (1629-1685), 9th earl, was a Protestant leader executed for his opposition to the Roman Catholic king James II. Archibald (1651?-1703), 10th earl, regained the family estates and was created 1st duke of Argyll; he organized the massacre of the Macdonalds of Glencoe. John Campbell (1678-1743), 2nd duke, supported union with England and was commander of the British forces in the Jacobite rebellion of 1715. Archibald (1682-1761), 3rd duke, was a prominent politician during the early Hanoverian period in Britain. After he died without a legitimate heir, the succession passed to the Campbells of Mamore.