什麼是波赫士

Borges, Jorge Luis

阿根廷詩人、散文家與短篇小說家。家學淵源，在瑞士受教育，很早就知道將來會走上文學之路。1920年代開始得了遺傳性的失明症，視力逐漸減退。1921年回國，1938年頭部受重傷感染，似乎釋放了他心靈最深處的創作力。1950年代完全失明，迫使他放棄撰寫長篇文章，開始靠口述寫些短篇作品。1955年起任阿根廷國家圖書館的榮譽館長。大部分作品想像力十分豐富，以文筆諷刺現實，其中包括：故事集《僞裝》（Ficciones, 1944），爲他贏得國際聲譽，以及《阿萊夫》（The Aleph, 1949）小說集。他在國內名氣不大，直到1961年獲國際性的福門託獎之後，他的小說和詩歌纔開始被譽爲20世紀世界文學的經典着作。其他重要作品有《交叉小徑的花園》（1960）、《布羅迪埃的報告》（1967）等。他被奉爲建立南美洲現代極端主義運動的祖師，這是反「九八年一代」作家們頹廢作風的一派，但後來他並不承認。

1899～1986年

Borges, Jorge Luis

Argentine poet, essayist, and short-story writer. Educated in Switzerland, he recognized early that he would have a literary career. From the 1920s on he was afflicted by a growing hereditary blindness. In 1938 a severe head wound seemed to free his deepest creative forces. His blindness was total by the mid-1950s and forced him to abandon the writing of long texts and begin dictating his works. From 1955 he held the honorary post of director of Argentina's national library. Much of his work is rich in fantasy and metaphorical allegory, including the story collections Ficciones (1944), which won him an international following, and The Aleph (1949). Dreamtigers (1960) and The Book of Imaginary Beings (1967) almost erase the distinctions between prose and poetry. Though he later repudiated it, he is credited with establishing in South America the modernist Ultraist movement, a rebellion against the decadence of the established writers of the Generation of '98.